Goodwin (1824-1887) and fellow officials finally entered the territory and ceremoniously took office constituting a government as snow fell at Navajo Spring.
As 1863 drew to a close, Governor John N. At the same time, the infamous Walker party who instigated the murder of Apache chief Mangas Colorado (see the Arizona Indians article, Part 2, posted February 14, 2011) ended up panning glitter out of the headwaters of the Hassayampa. The latter discovery proved the richest single placer in Arizona history. Peeples (1842-1892) party led by mountain man Pauline Weaver (1797-1867) found gold along the lower Hassayampa River and on top of Antelope Peak (later named Rich Hill). Sure enough, in the spring of 1863 the A. Meanwhile, Colorado River gold placers were playing out, leading two parties of prospectors to explore the mountains of central Arizona where they knew the geology was favorable. Midwestern Republican carpetbaggers appointed by the President to hold offices prepared to journey to northern Arizona and create a capital city where no other town existed. Congress acted and President Lincoln proclaimed the Territory of Arizona 24 February 1863. Silver claims had been staked at Tubac in 1856 and Patagonia in 1857, followed by a gold rush on the lower Gila River in 1858 and the Colorado River in 1861-1862 (see the Arizona Gold Rush article posted here December 21, 2009).
But Congress wanted to preserve the Union and finance the effort with silver and gold. Residents of southern New Mexico Territory had lobbied Congress for independence from Santa Fe for years, finally turning to the Confederacy (see the Tucson history posted on this blog June 29, 2011). The Territory of Arizona was created during the Civil War, and undoubtedly as a result of that conflict.
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